The use of cannabidiol (CBD) by athletes, particularly during the Olympic Games, is generating considerable interest and raising many questions. Due to its purported health benefits, CBD is becoming increasingly popular among athletes.However, its use is not without controversy or strict regulations. This article explores the various laws surrounding CBD for Olympic athletes, as well as some examples of past cases. Legislation and Regulations Surrounding CBD for Olympic Athletes The regulations on prohibited substances at the Olympic Games are established by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA).
The distinction between THC, the psychoactive component of cannabis, and CBD, which is non-psychoactive but present in the same plant, is crucial. WADA General Rules
The WADA updated its list of prohibited substances, exempting CBD in 2018. However, all other cannabinoids, including THC, remain prohibited. Athletes must therefore be careful about the products they consume, as even trace amounts of THC in a CBD product can lead to positive tests.United States vs. Other CountriesIn the United States, hemp-derived CBD is federally legal as long as the THC content does not exceed 0.3%. In other countries, laws vary considerably. For example: Canada: CBD is legal but regulated by the Cannabis Act of 2018.France: Only CBD without THC is permitted. Japan: CBD is legal as long as it contains no THC. These differences create additional challenges for athletes who travel and compete internationally.Examples of Previous Cases and Decisions
Reviewing past cases helps to better understand the implications of CBD use by Olympic athletes. Here are some notable examples:
Medal Breakers or Pioneers?In 2021, American sprinter Sha’Carri Richardson was suspended after testing positive for THC. Although Richardson’s case specifically involved THC, it reignited the debate on cannabinoids and sports, including the distinction between THC and CBD. An Expert-Guided Approach Several athletes have taken steps to promote CBD as an acceptable supplement. For example, Megan Rapinoe, the American football star, is open about her use of CBD products. This raises questions about the acceptability and ethics of their commercialization, especially in endurance sports where injuries and recovery are critical. Necessary Caution Some experts recommend caution, warning of the lack of clear standards in the manufacture of CBD products. This lack means that THC levels can vary, potentially leading to unintentional anti-doping rule violations. The importance of rigorous pre-use testing cannot be overstated. CBD Use in Different Sports
Each sport may have its own challenges regarding the incorporation of CBD into athletes’ routines.
Endurance Sports In endurance sports, athletes often use CBD to manage pain and inflammation. Products such as oils and topical creams are popular. However, athletes must be aware of potential penalties for positive tests due to cross-contamination with THC. Precision Sports For sports requiring maximum concentration, such as archery or golf, some athletes use CBD to reduce anxiety. Careful control of the materials used ensures that only pure CBD is consumed, avoiding any risk of violating anti-doping rules.
- Marketing and Marketing of CBD Products The growing popularity of CBD Popularity among the general public and professional athletes is encouraging more companies to enter this market. However, this trend also raises questions about the legal and ethical framework of these commercial operations.
- Correct Labeling and Quality Control Incorrect labeling of THC concentrations can pose substantial problems. Companies must guarantee strict quality control and provide third-party laboratory reports verifying that their products comply with regulations. Athlete Influencers: Between Popularity and Responsibility Influential sports figures who use and promote CBD have responsibilities. Their influence should help promote the safe and compliant use of CBD, with awareness of the risks of cross-contamination with THC, and support for transparent and responsible practices.
- Possible Sanctions and Impact on Athletes’ Careers It is essential for athletes to fully understand the potential consequences of CBD use on their athletic careers. Violations and Suspensions Anti-doping rule violations due to the use of THC-containing products can result in severe penalties: Temporary or permanent suspension from competition Removal of medals earned during a specific periodNegative impact on sponsorship opportunities
and the athlete’s reputation
These highlight the importance of making informed choices regarding CBD products, including multiple checks and consultations with the relevant authorities.
Although CBD itself is no longer classified as a prohibited substance by WADA, the risks associated with its use remain significant, primarily due to the THC content. Past experiences continually remind us of the absolute necessity for Olympic athletes considering the use of these products to exercise vigilance. They must navigate between perceived benefits and regulatory considerations in order to maintain their sporting integrity and their careers.
