Genetic mutations, often described as errors in the genetic code, are actually the driving force behind evolution and diversity in the living world. In the complex realm of cannabis, these random changes in the DNA or RNA sequence generate a variety of unique characteristics. In this article, we will delve into the world of genetic changes in cannabis, exploring their nature, causes, consequences, and how they shape plant diversity.What are the foundations of genetic mutations? They are random alterations in the nucleotide sequence of DNA or RNA, the molecular building blocks of life. Every living organism, including cannabis, possesses a unique set of genetic instructions that determine its characteristics and function. DNA and RNA are composed of long
chains of nucleotides, and most mutations result in a change to only one nucleotide among the billions that make up thegenome.
These minute variations are responsible for genetic diversity within a species, an essential driver of evolution and adaptation. What are the causes and repercussions of genetic mutations?
This set of phenomena arises during cell division and sometimes results from errors in the DNA replication process. DNA repair mechanisms are normally activated to preserve genetic integrity; however, occasional errors can occur and induce mutations. These different genetic variations can stem fromadditions, deletions, or substitutions of nucleotide bases,
thus disrupting the sequence.
This random alteration can lead to new and sometimes surprising characteristics.
The impact of mutations varies. Many are beneficial, others harmful, while some remain imperceptible. In general, mutations alter the
structure, color, leaf shape, germination rate, yield, and photosynthetic capacity of plants.
Many changes can be reproduced and selected to develop specific characteristics. For example, a favorable mutation could increase disease resistance or improve yield. What are mutations in the context of cannabis? Cannabis is a plant with unique and varied properties that is not immune to the forces of evolution through these genetic changes.
All these random phenomena occur during cell division but can also be induced by exposure to chemical agents or radiation.
These genetic variations influence various aspects of cannabis, such as
structure, color, leaf shape, and yield. Some mutations can be visible, such as variety or albinism, while others, more subtle, represent the chemical composition and traits of the plant.
What mutations occur in cannabis cultivation?
Cuttings, although identical replicas of the mother plant, are not immune to mutations. Over time, cuttings can also exhibit genetic variations.
The phenomenon of
clonal degradation suggests that genetic differences become more pronounced between the mother plant and successive generations of cuttings, potentially affecting the health and robustness of the plants. This genetic variation can lead to a decrease in plant quality and yield over time.
